The Criminal Justice System

Task 1 The Criminal Justice System April 26, 2010 According to the American Heritage Dictionary, the criminal equity framework is a â€Å"system of law implementation, the bar, the legal executive, remedies, and probation that is straightforwardly engaged with the fear, indictment, barrier, condemning, detainment, and management of those associated with or accused of a criminal offense† (Mifflin, 2007). The criminal equity framework intends to lessen wrongdoing by carrying more offenses to equity and rise open certainty that the framework is reasonable and will convey for the law of withstanding residents. The criminal equity framework comprises of three regions (1) law requirement (police), (2) settling (courts), and (3) adjustment (prison, detainment facilities, probation, and parole). These organizations work together in the criminal equity framework under the standard of law and as the chief methods for keeping up the standard of law inside society. Be that as it may, in the three territories, the police explain violations and make captures, the court sentences the wrongdoer and the rectification framework complete the discipline and restore the guilty parties. The criminal equity framework essential objectives are equity for singular, individual freedom, respect of people, and the option to fair treatment. Equity for the individual necessitates that all ought to have what has a place with them, thus the simply man will render to the general public, or State, of which he is a part, what is because of it. Individual freedom implies opportunity from unlawful physical limitation or mischief and opportunity from discretionary obstruction with one’s security and legitimate assets. Then again, human poise is a statement of good idea that individuals ought not be treated as articles. One ramifications of human pride is that each individual ought to be recognized as a significant individual from the human network and as an interesting articulation of life. To wrap things up, fair treatment is the rule that the legislature should ordinarily regard the entirety of a person’s lawful rights rather than simply a few or the greater part of those lawful rights when the administration denies an individual of life, freedom, or property. The fair treatment provision in the Fourteenth Amendment ensures against condition of nearby government maltreatment of intensity. Taking everything into account, a criminal equity framework that is straightforward, reasonable and successful is one of America's most significant organizations. All decent residents are administer by fair treatment as indicated by the criminal equity framework. In this manner, it is significant for all residents to adhere to the law as indicated by the police sculptures, the court sculptures, and the adjustment frameworks sculptures on the grounds that there is consistently improvement in this field. References American Heritage Dictionary A History of American Criminal Justice, http://www. en. wikipedia. organization

Dance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Move - Essay Example It is trailed by extending practices that set up the body for the serious developments. The third part includes disconnection works out. At this stage, the artists are instructed how to move various pieces of their bodies independently. This stage is especially significant as an exercise on inventiveness since it empowers the artist to ace their developments before hitting the dance floor with others. Innovativeness includes the utilization of creative mind made conceivable by understanding oneself first. The last advance is where parts of the movement are educated and afterward set up to shape a short standard that is joined by music and move. The innovativeness procedure includes coordinated effort where thoughts are shared and tried. The creations enlivened by hip bounce have profoundly affected popular music. Every single imaginative exertion affect the individuals in question. It has impacted the mentalities of the young around the globe (Watkins, 2005). Hip bounce is an extremely lively aapproach to moving. One of the most widely recognized hip bounce moving styles is break moving. It comprises of acts directed close to the ground that are called downrock or while holding up. It requires a great deal of individual space. Downrock includes the artist turning rapidly on their head or hands. The innovative part of this move style is accentuated by the way that it permits artists to perform openly. It permits individuals to add their individual characters to the move. Different styles are popping, locking, Boogaloo, free-form, electric boogie moves and social move. Free-form permits artists to ad lib singular move moves. The class began during the 1970s (Watkins 2005). The period followed a time of urban recharging and capital flight that brought about a wide hole between the downtowns populated by dark individuals and suburbia populated by the more rich whites (Watkins 2005). One of its motivations was to contribute towards dark strengthening. It was trusted that the vitality, reliability and energy that characterized group life could

Variable-Ratio Schedules Characteristics

Variable-Ratio Schedules Characteristics Theories Behavioral Psychology Print Variable-Ratio Schedules Characteristics By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 07, 2019 More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In operant conditioning, a variable-ratio schedule is a schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses. This schedule creates a steady, high rate of responding. Gambling and lottery games are good examples of a reward based on a variable ratio schedule. Schedules of reinforcement play a central role in the operant conditioning process. The frequency with which a behavior is reinforced can help determine how quickly a response is learned as well as how strong the response might be. Each schedule of reinforcement has its own unique set of characteristics. Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell Characteristics   There are three common, well-known factors: Leads to a high, steady response rateResults in only a brief pause after reinforcementRewards are provided after an unpredictable number of responses When identifying different schedules of reinforcement, it can be very helpful to start by looking at the name of the individual schedule itself. In the case of variable-ratio schedules, the term variable indicates that reinforcement is delivered after an unpredictable number of responses. Ratio suggests that the reinforcement is given after a set number of responses. So together, the term means that reinforcement is delivered after a varied number of responses. It might also be helpful to contrast the variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement with the fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement. In a fixed-ratio schedule, reinforcement is provided after a set number of responses. So, for example, in a variable-ratio schedule with a VR 5 schedule, an animal might receive a reward for every five response, on average. This means that sometimes the reward can come after three responses, sometimes after seven responses, sometimes after five responses, and so on. The reinforcement schedule will average out to be rewarded for every five response, but the actual delivery schedule will remain completely unpredictable. In a fixed-ratio schedule, on the other hand, the reinforcement schedule might be set at a FR 5. This would mean that for every five responses, a reward is presented. Where the variable-ratio schedule is unpredictable, the fixed-ratio schedule is set at a fixed rate. Variable-Ratio Schedule Reinforcement provided after varying set of responses Delivery schedule unpredictable Examples include slot machines, door-to-door sales, video games Fixed-Ratio Schedule Reinforcement provided after a set number of responses Delivery schedule predictable Examples include production line work, grade card rewards, sales commissions Examples Slot machines: Players have no way of knowing how many times they have to play before they win. All they know is that eventually, a play will win. This is why slot machines are so effective, and players are often reluctant to quit. There is always the possibility that the next coin they put in will be the winning one.Sales bonuses: Call centers often offer random bonuses to employees. Workers never know how many calls they need to make to receive the bonus, but they know that they increase their chances the more calls or sales they make.Door-to-door sales: The salesperson travels from house to house, but never knows when they are going to find an interested buyer. It could be the next house, or it might take multiple stops to find a new customer.Video games: In some games, players collect tokens or other items in order to receive a reward or reach the next level. The player may not know how many tokens they need in order to receive a reward or even what that reward will be.

Analysis Of The Article Ready, Fire, Aim, The College...

Journalist, and professor of higher education emeritus at the University of Maryland, College Park, Robert Birnbaum wrote the article â€Å"Ready, Fire, Aim, The College Campus Gun Fight† in which he writes about two sides which he defines as â€Å"MoreGuns† and â€Å"BanGuns† and if one sides argument holds more truth as to whether guns on campus is a positive or negative reality. The article comes from a magazine called Change Magazine. Change Magazine focuses on the modern issues that arise in higher learning. The purpose of the magazine is to inform the readers and stimulate thinking. He reaches audiences on both sides of the argument by adopting a mostly non-emotional, and logical tone that will connect with his readers using facts. Birnbaum builds trust with the reader by being respectful to both sides of the arguments and presenting facts for both sides, at first he appears to be in the middle of the issue, but then as the article continues he shows his fa vored stance on the legal side by referencing the constitution which increases the strength of his argument. Should guns be allowed on campus in any form? Birnbaum tries to answer this question by addressing the MoreGuns and the BanGuns sides. Birnbaum does a good job of presenting the facts and statistics then talking about them. 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Essay on Fossil Fuel Leads to Pollution - 560 Words

INTRODUCTION With the increase in population, there has been consistent demand in every arena for fuel. Human life is largely dependent on material things. These material things are produced and transported with the help of fuel driven mediums, but fuel is largely amassed in very few countries of the world especially middle- East countries. With the growth of the economy and consumption, the governments of many countries of the world are striving hard to find an alternative to the fossil fuel which is slow gradually depleting .Moreover, the fossil fuel leads to pollution and bad effects on human health. Keeping this into mind, bio-diesel would be natural choice for countries largely dependent on import so as to utilize the natural†¦show more content†¦Waste cooking oil (WCO), which is cheaper than edible vegetable oil, is a promising alternative to edible vegetable oil (6). Waste cooking oil and animal oils set forth significant disposal problems in many parts of the world. This environmentally-threatening problem could be turned into all the economical, waste management and environmental benefit by properly using and management of waste cooking oil as a fuel replacement. Many developed countries have set policies that punish the disposal of waste cooking oil into waste drainage (7, 8). The Energy Information Administration (EIA) in the United States (USA) estimated that around 100 million gallons of waste cooking oil are produced per day in the USA, where about 9 pounds of waste cooking oil(WCO) are generated per person per year [9]. The estimated amount of waste cooking oil collected in Europe is about 0.49 - 0.7 million gallons/day [10]. 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Examine the relevance of unitarism to contemporary Free Essays

This essay looks to analyze the relevancy of unitarism to modern-day apprehensions of the employment relationship. This will foreground the implicit in premises associated with unitarism, sing the influence of both power and cognition within the employment relationship, and inquiry whether both factors play a portion within the unitarism position. Lastly it will reason by sketching the figure of elements associated with the employment relationship and whether the unitarism position bases an apprehension of the employment relationship between employer and employees. We will write a custom essay sample on Examine the relevance of unitarism to contemporary or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are legion premises of the unitarism position within the workplace. Harmonizing to Huczynski and Buchanan ( 2001 ) the unitarism frame of mention is â€Å"a position on struggle which regards direction and employee involvements as coincident and which therefore respects ( organizational ) struggle as harmful and to be avoided† . Salamon ( 1992 ) believes the administration exists in good harmoniousness and all struggle is unneeded and exceeding. However there are deductions in following the unitarism attack, the term struggle is expressed as if there is dissatisfaction from the employees with differences in which direction is perceived when transporting out an unreasonable activity. Another deduction is trade brotherhoods are regarded as an invasion and are seeking to vie with direction to derive trueness from the employees, of which the unitarism perspective disfavors. The unitarism construct can be seen as an attack to command the employees, and the psychological contr act is an illustration of this, which stems from the unitarism position. Harmonizing to Gill ( 2007 ) Personal computer literature is frequently based on the unitarism position. Fox ( 1966 ) argues the unitarism position, is found among directors and is regarded as a ‘management political orientation ‘ . Therefore foregrounding the unitarism position as an of import theoretical tool to analyze employee attitudes and perceptual experiences of direction in an organizational context. Unitarism is another tool in which administrations use to command the working environment, which tends to disregard struggle as it does non believe it exists. The unitarism frame of mention affected the employment relationship in 19th century, nevertheless in today ‘s society this is seen as an political orientation as suggested by Fox ( 1966 ) . Harmonizing to Blyton and Turnbull ( 1998 ) the term industrial dealingss will necessitate to alter its focal point to ’employment dealingss ‘ , looking at how the employment relationship operates in pattern. There is an premise that one time there has been an understanding with the employment contract, the employment relationship should be free of struggle, and employees should accept and understand the authorization the administration has in the best involvements of all. However, this premise can be seen to be wrong as it assumes that one size fits all, where as surveies such as Purcell and Hutchinson ( 2007 ) show this non to be the case.From this position point I would reason that the focal point draws off from the administration as a whole and looks at persons, hence conveying in the paradigm of the psychological contract. The Personal computer believes that when the person ( employee ) enters into an understanding with the administration and director, and the person has agreed to this understanding there should be no struggle. This brings in an component of integrity within the administration as all are holding as persons to the administration. With this fond regard to the administr ation and its intents the ideal result from come ining into this understanding is commitment/engagement to the administration. The Personal computer construct is emphasised on managerialism, unitarism, neo-liberal and a societal exchange which is utilised by direction to pull off public presentation. The Personal computer communicates its outlooks and serves a political involvement to direction. Even though the Personal computer does non recognize struggle, it does recognize misdemeanor when it is breached ; which comes back to the component of control exerted by the employer. There are other signifiers of positions administrations adopt, one of the most normally used is the pluralist attack. Marchington and Parker ( 1990 ) argues that there are cardinal differences between the two positions ( unitarism and pluralism ) they are the ‘management ‘s credence and acknowledgment of brotherhoods ‘ , ‘their views about direction privileges ‘ and ’employee engagement ‘ , and in the ‘perceived legitimacy of and reactions to conflict at work ‘ . Therefore as unitarism position disfavors trade brotherhoods, the paradigm of occupation ordinance has more relevancy to the pluralist position as it accepts there is struggle and institutionalises it. The occupation ordinance paradigm allows for directors to hold power and processes ordinance to make order, which regulates power between the employer and employee. This paradigm has an component of objectiveness, as once more it is direction that exert power. However with trade brotherhoods assisting to commit struggle it hence allows corporate bargaining to take topographic point. Harmonizing to Kaufman ( 2008 ) the IR field has made a displacement towards a narrower paradigm of which consisted of trade brotherhoods, corporate bargaining and labour-management dealingss over the past few decennaries. There is an issue of equality which needs to be addressed in the employment relationship. The employment relationship is non equal as the employer is in the place of power, by utilizing the cognition of the work force and pull stringsing them by the usage of linguistic communication they use in the working environment to derive control. As suggested by Foucault, administrations change linguistic communication in order to rule the work force. However, Foucault ( 1980 ) besides believed that cognition is an built-in portion of power and can non be separated. â€Å"It is non possible for power to be exercised without cognition, it is impossible for cognition non to breed power† ( Foucault, 1980: p52 ) . I agree with Foucault ‘s statement in how power can non be enforced without cognition, as if it did there would be terrible effects to the administration and employees. As suggested by Townley ( 1993 ) â€Å"Power is the desire to cognize. Power is non negative ; on the con trary, it is creative† . From this statement it suggests that power is non a negative, but can be utilised to acquire the best out of cognition. Again this relates to the unitarism position as it exerts power, in order to command cognition within the workplace and in society in general. In decision the unitarism position contains premises that if it controls the working environment so there will be no struggle, nevertheless as discussed earlier this is non the instance. The employment relationship is non equal and the employer places themselves in power by utilizing linguistic communication to command the work force. As discussed power and cognition can non run as separate entities therefore they both play a portion within the unitarism position. The employment relationship is besides complex as it is the context within which interaction between employees and employers are conducted either separately or jointly ( Rose, 2004 ) . How to cite Examine the relevance of unitarism to contemporary, Essay examples

The narrator of Battle Royal Essay Example For Students

The narrator of Battle Royal Essay The narrator of Battle Royal, lived his life under the illusion that everybody had an equal chance in life. He desperately wanted and tried to please everyone, thinking that if he did he would eventually rise and become somebody great. He was a great speaker and his speeches won him great recognition, but he did not realize that nobody took him seriously. He was trapped in a body of inferior qualities and would never amount to anything. The setting of Battle Royal, was recently after slavery had been abolished. A time where blacks were free, but looked upon and treated with less than equality. The narrator was praised by the whitest of white men in the town, and looked upon as an example of desirable conduct. What he did not understand was that they did not think any more of him than any other black man, he was just another nigger to them. We will write a custom essay on The narrator of Battle Royal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The magnificent blonde that paraded around the middle of the boxing ring was more than just amusement. This was everything that these black men wanted, but would never have. She represented the American dream of power, wealth, and fame. The narrator knew he could never have her, but he looked anyway. Had the price of looking been blindness, I would have looked. Pg198. The author had devoted his life to pleasing the white men, so he could speak, to be somebody, but he would never amount to anything. He was their toy. The Battle Royal, itself was a thorough example of the power that the white man had over the blacks. All ten of the boys were made to go through acts of humiliation before and after they had fought and made to wear blindfolds during the actual fight. The boys were degraded and humiliated throughout the whole event and didnt once think that they were being mistreated. They were scared of the white men and what might happen if they did not cooperate. The boys had been brought in to fight for the men and be nothing more than an amusement. After the fight was over the boys were led to an electrified rug, covered in piles of money, which they were told was to be their reward. There appeared to be quite a sum of coins, crumpled bills, and gold pieces, which turned out to be next to nothing considering the gold pieces were actually brass advertising tokens. The boys had been misled, lied to, and physically abused, but never spoke out against the white men once. The white men knew the could do whatever they wanted and they did. A few days after the fight the narrator had a dream that he and his grandfather were at the circus. I dreamed that I was at the circus and that he refused to laugh at the clowns no matter what they did. Pg. 205. This dream was an image of what had happened that night at the Battle Royal. He was one of the white  men sitting in the crowd looking at what had been him and the other boys which were represented by the clowns. His grandfather was trying to show him what he had really looked like that night in the ring. Then he opened his briefcase to read what was inside. He opened the envelope stamped with the state seal only to endlessly find envelope after envelope. His grandfather explained to him that these envelops represented years of his life. Finally the last envelope contained a letter which read, To Whom It May Concern, Keep This Nigger Boy Running. Pg. 205. This letter represented what the white man wanted for him. They wanted him to become educated and to eventually lead his people. They figured that they could keep him busy leading his people in circles. To keep them ever chasing their dreams to which they would never catch up with. .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d , .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .postImageUrl , .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d , .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d:hover , .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d:visited , .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d:active { border:0!important; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d:active , .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uce7c275b9c2564665f51f6f6ee5a839d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Compare The Generic Codes And Conventions Of The Science Fiction Are Used In 'The Day The Earth Stood Still' and 'Independence Day' EssayThe narrator had lived his whole life chasing his dreams and continually ignoring the reality of his situation. He thought the white men were helping him to achieve his goals and eventually he would get to where he wanted to be. What he did not realize was that he was doing everything the white man wanted him to. They did not take him seriously and they never would.